HSS 2823 Third Exam Name ___________________
Introductory Nutrition April 17, 1997
Multiple Choice. Choose the one BEST answer or statement for each of the
following. (2 pts each)
1. Which of the following foods did we specifically mention in class as
having cancer preventive properties because it contains phytochemicals?
a. Corn
b. Asparagus
c. Raisins
d. Soybeans
2. Which of the following is the red pigment found in fruits and vegetables?
a. Lycopene
b. Lutein
c. Crytoxanthin
d. Beta-carotene
3. Which of the following best summarizes our discussion of phytochemicals?
a. Further research is necessary before any recommendation can be made
regarding their consumption
b. They can be consumed in food or isolated in supplement form to receive
their benefit
c. We have only limited knowledge of them and how they interact, so it
is best to consume foods rich in them to receive benefit
d. They are often more harmful than helpful, and thus we currently recommend
avoiding them
4. Which of the following has been approved as a health claim by the FDA
for labeling purposes?
a. Monounsaturated fat reduces heart disease risk
b. Phytochemicals reduce risk of cancer
c. Vitamin C reduces risk of lung cancer
d. Oat bran reduces heart disease risk
5. When does your instructor recommend the use of vitamin supplements (pills)?
a. the elderly should take vitamin B12 supplements
b. preschool children should take a multivitamin supplement
c. women planning to become pregnant should take a folacin supplement
d. all adults should take a multivitamin containing no more than 100% of
the RDA of any vitamin
6. Fruits and vegetables are an excellent source of:
a. all the water soluble vitamins
b. primarily the b-vitamins
c. thiamin, riboflavin and niacin
d. vitamin C and folate
7. What did we conclude regarding the vitamin A content of carrots?
a. It is rich in vitamin A, contains high amounts
b. It contains no vitamin A
c. It is a marginal source of vitamin A, should not recommend
d. It is high in vitamin A, but it contains an antagonist that makes it
unavailable
8. What form of vitamin A do we store in liver?
a. Retinol
b. Retinal
c. Retinoic acid
d. We do not store vitamin A in liver
9. What is the difference between a dietitian and a nutritionist?
a. A dietitian gets paid more than a nutritionist
b. They have similar credentials, so either would be a good person to consult
regarding nutritional questions
c. A dietitian is registered by a national organization to certify qualifications,
a nutritionist is not
d. A dietitian is better trained to give advice on diet, while a nutritionist
is better trained to discuss the science of nutrients
10. Pepsinogen is secreted, rather than pepsin, in the gastric juices because:
a. it has more potent enzyme activity than pepsin
b. it is functional at the low pH found in the stomach while pepsin is
not
c. it can specifically attack the types of protein man consumes
d. it is inactive until after secretion to protect cell proteins from digestion
11. Which of the following vitamins will be fortified in grains beginning
in 1998?
a. folacin
b. vitamin C
c. vitamin A
d. thiamin
12. The RDA's are based on:
a. the level of a vitamin necessary to acheive optimal health
b. the level of a vitamin necessary to eliminate deficiency disease
c. the highest level of a vitamin that will not cause toxicity
d. the level of a vitamin that can be acheived from food without supple-
mentation
13. Digestion of fat occurs in the:
a. pancreas where lipase is synthesized
b. liver where bile is synthesized
c. gallbladder where bile acids are stored
d. duodenum where pancreatic enzymes are secreted
14. As the chyme leaves the stomach it is necessary that:
a. the chyme be diluted with secretion of water into duodenum
b. the chyme be concentrated by removal of water from the duodenum
c. the chyme be mixed with cholecystokinin to begin digestion in duodenum
d. the chyme be neutralized by secretion of bicarbonate from pancreas
15. Which of the following contains a trypsin inhibitor?
a. Corn
b. Broccoli
c. Raw soybeans
d. Raw peanuts
16. A chylomicron is:
a. the emulsified fat droplet formed in the small intestine
b. a lipoprotein that transports absorbed lipids
c. a breakdown product of fat
d. formed by the mix of bile acids and triglycerides to emulsify fat
17. The principal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release lipase
into the small intestine is:
a. gastrin
b. cholecystokinin
c. secretin
d. trypsin
18. Which hormone is responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid
into the stomach?
a. gastrin
b. cholecystokinin
c. secretin
d. trypsin
19. According to the definition given in class, which of the following
characteristics is essential for a compound to be considered a vitamin?
a. can be synthesized by the body in small amounts
b. is required in the diet in small amounts
c. is an inorganic compound to distinguish it from carbohydrate and fat
d. it is converted to a coenzyme in the body
20. What did we conclude regarding taking beta-carotene supplements and
cancer risk?
a. supplements increased lung cancer incidence by up to 18% in smokers
b. supplements had the same effect on lung cancer incidence as consuming
foods rich in beta-carotene
c. supplements reduced lung cancer incidence by up to 18% in smokers
d. supplements had no effect on lung cancer incidence, only eating beta-
carotene rich foods is helpful
21. Which of the following vitamins has often been prescribed for hyper-cholesterolemia?
a. vitamin B6
b. vitamin C
c. niacin
d. thiamin
22. The symptoms of alcoholism are often in part due to a deficiency of:
a. thiamin
b. vitamin C
c. riboflavin
d. vitamin B12
23. For which of the following vitamins would it be most critical to serve
food immediately after preparation to minimize air exposure, thus minimizing
oxidation?
a. vitamin B6
b. thiamin
c. riboflavin
d. vitamin C
24. Goldberger is credited with helping discover a cure for
a. beriberi
b. pernicious anemia
c. scurvy
d. pellagra
25. Why is folacin so tightly regulated by the FDA?
a. it is toxic at levels only slightly above the RDA
b. it can mask vitamin B12 deficiency if taken in excess
c. it causes severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy
d. it is the most toxic of the B vitamins
26. Early researchers found that many people developed pernicious anemia
due to lack of an "intrinsic factor". The "intrinsic factor"
refers to:
a. a hormone normally released when we consume iron
b. a vitamin that we normally produce in adequate amounts
c. a mucoprotein in gastric juices necessary for vitamin B12 absorption
d. our innate ability to detect the vitamin content of foods we eat
27. Which of the following has significantly reduced the incidence of pellagra
in the United States?
a. enrichment of grains with several vitamins
b. fortification of milk with two vitamins
c. consumption of more whole grain products
d. greater use of supplements containing the B-vitamins
28. Vitamin B6 (its coenzyme) is involved in
a. energy metabolism
b. amino acid metabolism
c. DNA synthesis and cell division
d. fatty acid metabolism
29. Which of the following foods is an especially poor source of niacin?
a. corn
b. whole wheat
c. porkchops
d. enriched grains
30. Thiamin functions in which of the following processes?
a. energy metabolism
b. amino acid metabolism
c. cell division
d. eyesight
31. Which of the following is the BEST source of riboflavin?
a. meat
b. fresh fruits
c. milk
d. vegetables
32. Vitamin B12 functions in which of the following?
a. energy metabolism
b. amino acid metabolism
c. cell division
d. eyesight
33. Which group is most at risk of developing vitamin K deficiency?
a. Athletes
b. Newborns
c. Elderly
d. Women
Match the vitamin on the left with the associated chemical compound on
the right.
______ 34. vitamin D a. tocopherol
______ 35. niacin b. nicotinic acid
______ 36. vitamin E c. pyridoxine
______ 37. vitamin B6 d. cholecalciferol
Match the vitamin on the left with the deficiency symptom on the right.
______ 38. vitamin C a. dry, cracked cornea
______ 39. vitamin A b. nerve degeneration
______ 40. thiamin c. large, nonfunctional red blood cells
______ 41. folacin d. bleeding gums
Match the vitamin on the left with the toxicity symptom on the right.
______ 42. vitamin A a. kidney stones
______ 43. niacin b. flushed skin, rash
______ 44. vitamin B6 c. headaches, death
______ 45. vitamin C d. nerve damage
Short answer. Answer each question clearly and concisely.
46. (5 pts) Explain why vitamin C would reduce risk of developing heart
disease. We gave a specific mechanism in class, that is what I want.
47. (5 pts) Explain why vitamin C would reduce cancer risk. (Again, the
specific mechanism given in class.)