Number of questions: 25

PDF File Each question has only one answer.

1.   Infection by which of the following organisms are associated with swimming in fresh water ponds? Answer

A.  Plasmodium falciparum.

B.  Toxoplasma gondii.

C.  Naegleria fowleri.

D.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

E.  Entamoeba histolytica.

2.   The microorganisms being shown here are most consistent with:  Answer

A.  Plasmodium falciparum.

B.  Toxoplasma gondii.

C.  Naegleria fowleri.

D.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

E.  Cytomegalovirus.

3.   Which of the following organisms are most likely to produce infarction? Answer

A.  Coccidioides immitis.

B.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

C.  Histoplasma capsulatum.

D.  Blastomyces dermatidis.

E.  Aspergillus species.

4.   Infection of the central nervous system by which of the following organisms is least likely to be associated with prominent risk factors or compromised immune status? Answer

A.  Blastomyces dermatidis.

B.  Candida albican.

C.  Aspergillus species.

D.  Rhizopus species.

E.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

5.   The microorganisms being shown here are morphologically consistent with: Answer

A.  Blastomyces dermatidis.

B.  Histoplasma capsulatum.

C.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

D.  Blastomyces dermatidis.

E.  Candida albican.

6.   Neurocysticerocosis: Answer

1.       Is an occupational risk to workers who have close contacts with sheep and dogs.

2.       Is caused by a cestode with the adult worm about 2-5 mm in length.

3.       Is caused by a cestode that uses dogs as definitive host and sheep as intermediate host.

4.       Is caused by a cestode that uses human as definitive host and intermediate host.

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  None of the above.

7.   Which of the following(s) is(are) true about granulomatous amebic infection of the brain? Answer

1.           Can present as subacute or chronic encephalitis.

2.           Spinal cord is typically involved.

3.           Can present as a space occupying lesion.

4.           Do not have cyst formation.

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  None of the above.

8.   Infection by which of the following organism is associated with near-drowning? Answer

A.  Aspergillus species.

B.  Mucorales.

C.  Candida albican.

D.  Pseudoallescheria boydii.

E.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

9.   The microorganisms being demonstrated by Gomori methamine silver (GMS) stain here are most compatible with? Answer

A.  Aspergillus species.

B.  Coccidioides immitis.

C.  Candida albican.

D.  Histoplasma capsulatum.

E.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

10. Chagas' disease is: Answe

1.           Also known as American trypanosomiasis.

2.           Also known as African trypanosomiasis.

3.           An acute or chronic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi that is transmitted by reduviid bugs of the genus Triatom.

4.           Caused by Trypanosoma brucei rodesiense with adherent of the dura mater with the leptomeninges and is associated with a sticky, milky exudate.

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  All of the above.

11. Which of the following organisms has(have) been known cause primary keratoconjunctivitis especially in contact lens wearers? Answer

A.  Entamoeba histolytica.

B.  Naegleria fowleri.

C.  Acanthamoeba species.

D.  None of the above.

E.  All of the above.

12. The giant cell being shown here is: Answer

1.          Can be seen in tuberculosis.

2.          Can be seen in fungal infection.

3.           A Langhans' giant cell.

4.          Often found in bacterial meningitis. 

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  All of the above.

13. Which of the following(s) is(are) true about infection of the central nervous system caused by Blastomyces dermatidis? Answe

1.           The lung is affected in over 95% of the cases.

2.           They are found in the wool of sheep and represent an occupational  for wool workers.

3.           It is a typical dimorphic organism; they are found in the mycelial form at room temperature and as a yeast in living tissue.

4.           Endemic in Connecticut and the north eastern part of the United States. 

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  All of the above.

14. Which of the following(s) is(are) true regarding the microorganisms being shown here? Answer

1.           An intracellular parasite.

2.           The sexual life cycle occurs in human.

3.           The definitive host is domestic cats.

4.           Primary infection in the general adult population almost always lead to severe clinical consequences.

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  All of the above.

15. Which of the following organisms are most likely to produce generalized petechial hemorrhage in the brain? Answer

A.  Plasmodium falciparum.

B.  Toxoplasma gondii.

C.  Paragonimus westermani.

D.  Herpes simplex.

E.  Entamoeba histolytica.

16. Which of the followings is true about malaria involving the central nervous system? Answer

A.   It involves sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes leading to blockage and obstruction of blood vessels.

B.  Often lead to abscess formation.

C.  Severe involvement of the brain can be cause by any of the four species of Plasmodium that case malaria.

D.  Typically associated with massive hemorrhage of the brain due to endothelial damage.

E.  Often causes symmetrical degeneration and demyelination of the dorsal column.

17. Infection of the central nervous system by which of the following organisms has a relatively better prognosis? Answer

A.  Naegleria fowleri.

B.  Acanthamoeba species.

C.  Balamuthia mandrillaris.

D.  Entamoeba histolytica.

E.  Mortality due to infections of these amoebic organisms is very similar.

18. Which of the followings is(are) true about Angiostrongylus cantonensis? Answer

1.           These organisms use mollusks as intermediate host.

2.           These organisms use eosinophilic meningitis.

3.           These organisms are endemic in Southeastern Asia.

4.           They are inherently neurotropic.

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  All of the above.

19. Which of the following parasite is an intracellular parasite of skeletal muscle fibers? Answer

A.  Gnathostoma spinigerum.

B.  Taenia solium.

C.  Schistosoma haematobium.

D.  Trichinella spiralis.

E.  Toxocara species.

20. In this Gomori's methanmine silver (GMS) stain, the microorganisms being shown here have morphologic features most consistent with: Answer

A.  Coccidioides immitis.

B.  Cryptococcus neoformans.

C.  Histoplasma capsulatum.

D.  Blastomyces dermatidis.

E.  Aspergillus species.

21. Which of the following parasites can infect human by an autoinfection mechanism through the small intestine and also cause hyperinfection syndrome (overwhelming larval infection that involves almost every organ) in immune compromised host? Answer

A.  Angiostrongylus cantonesis.

B.  Trichinella spinaliis.

C.  Schistoma mansoni.

D.  Naegleria fowleri.

E.  Strongyloides stercoralis.

22. This intraoperative cytologic preparation is obtained from a cystic lesion with ring enhancement in the parietal lobe. The most likely diagnosis is: Answer

A.  Langerhans' cell histiocytosis.

B.  Brain abscess.

C.  Lymphoma.

D.  Glioblastoma.

E.  Acute infarction.

23. Which of the following infection is associated with pigmented fungal organism? Answer

A.  Chromoblastomycosis.

B.  Candidiasis.

C.  Aspergillosis.

D.  Coccidiodomycosis.

E.  Histoplasmosis.

24. Which of the following parasite is associated with visceral larval migrans? Answer

A.  Schistosoma japonicum.

B.  Toxocara canis.

C.  Paragonimiasis westermani.

D.  Taenia multiceps.

E.  None of the above.

25. Which of the following is true about hydatid disease? Answer

1.             The vast majority of human infections are asymptomatic.

2.             The brain is involved in less then 1% of the cases.

3.             The definitive host of the parasite is dogs and other canids.

4.             Cytst formation in the brain is usually multiple and found at a deep location in the cerebral hemispheres.

A.  1, 2, and 3 are true.

B.  1 and 3 are true.

C.  2 and 4 are true.

D.  Only 4 is true.

E.  All of the above.