Vascular Disorders, Hypoxia, and Spontaneous Hemorrhages

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General: Head

• How to work up a hemorrhagic lesion in the brain.

List of Differential Diagnosis: Head

• Short list of vasculopathy of the CNS
• Strokes in in young patients

Individual Entities: Head

• Aneurysmal malformation of the great vein of Galen
• Aneurysm, saccular (berry aneurysm)
• Arterial hamartomas
• Arteriovenous malformation
• Binswanger's disease (subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy)

• Capillary telangiectasia

• Cavernous hemangioma

• Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

• Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)

• Cocaine and intracerebral hemorrhage
• Drug abuse and intracranial hemorrhage
• Familiarl multiple cavernous angiomatosis
• Giant cell arteritis
• Hyperhomocysteinemia and Homocystinuria
• Hypertensive encephalopathy
• Microaneurysm
• Polyarteritis nodosa
• Primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS)
• Sickle cell disease
• Spinal cord (intradural or perimedullary) arteriovenous fistula (SCAVF)
• Spinal cord cavernous malformation (CM)
• Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF)
• Spinal cord arteriovenous malformation (SCAVM)
• Susac syndrome (retinocochleocerebral vasculopathy)
• Systemic lupus erythematosis
• Takayasu's arteritis
• Vascular malformations and hemangiomas
• Vascular malformations of the spinal cord

• Venous malformation

• Venous thrombosis and infarction