Viral Encephalitis and Encephalitis-like Conditions

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General    Acute viral encephalitis    Subacute viral encephalitis    Encephalitis-like conditions

General:  Head

    Terms:

• Leucoencephalitis: preferentially involving the white matter.

• Polioencephalitis: preferentially involving the gray matter.

• Myelitis: preferentially involving the spinal cord.

    Viral infections of the CNS usually present as: 

• Acute anterior poliomyelitis

• Ganglionitis

• Acute aseptic (lymphocytic) meningitis

• Acute encephalitis or meningoencephalitis

• Subacute (chronic progressive) encephalitis and encephalopathy

• Others

 Acute Viral Encephalitis and encephalomyelitis:  Head

• Herpes simplex (HSV) encephalitis, congenital and non-congenital

• Poliomyelitis

• Coxsackie viruses

• Herpes-zoster (Varicella zoster) encephalitis

• Acute encephalitis caused by arboviruses

• Lymphocytic choriomeningitis

• Rabies

• EB virus encephalitis

• Postinfectious encephalitis

• B virus encephalitis

Subacute and Chronic Progressive Encephalitis and Encephalopathy: Head

• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

• Measles virus (SSPE, measles inclusion body encephalitis)

• Progressive rubella panencephalitis

• Chronic enterovirus meningoencephalitis of agammaglobulinemia

• HIV encephalitis and encephalopathy

• Tropical spastic paraparesis (HTLV-1 associated myelopathy)

• Cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis, congenital and  non-congenital

• Kozhevnikov's epilepsy  (and other chronic fomrs of tickborne encephalitis)

Encephalitis-like Conditions: Head

• Rasmussen's encephalitis

• Leukemic infiltration

• Paraneoplastic disorders

• Acute perivenous encephalitis

• Acute hemorrhagic panencephalitis

• Encephalitis lethargica (von Economo's encephalitis)

• Behçet's disease

• Subcute myoclonic spinal neuronitis

• Langerhans' histiocytosis