Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

April 2006, Case 604-1. Quiz set! Click here to see.

A 5 year-old boy with headache, vomiting, ataxia and a pineal mass.

Clinical information:

The patient was a 5 year-old Vietnamese boy who presented with the chief complaints of headaches, vomiting, and ataxia.  CT scan revealed a pineal tumor with small calcifications and hydrocephalus (Panel 1).  On MRI, the mass is a well demarcated midline mass involving the pineal area. There is also heterogeneous enhancement and cystic component (Panel 2 and 3).

Click thumbnails to see pictures.

    Laboratory studies reveal elevated alpha-fetoprotein  in both the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). A clinical diagnosis of primary germ cell tumor was made. The CSF cytology was negative for neoplastic cells. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed to relieve the hydrocephalus and chemotherapy was started. The size of the tumor increased after the chemotherapy and the alpha-fetoprotein level in serum remained elevated. Surgery was performed and yielded multiple fragments of tan, soft tissue, 5.0 x 2.0 x 1.0 cm in aggregate, for examination. On gross examination, neither calcified tissue nor hair were found. The followings are representative histologic images of the excised tumor.

               Click thumbnails to see pictures.

What is your diagnosisDiscussion

Cases of the Month Coordinator: KarMing-Fung@ouhsc.edu