Coxsackie Viruses Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis

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Background  Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry

BACKGROUND AND CLINICAL INFORMATION: Head

• The most common manifestation is aseptic meningitis. Like other enteroviruses, coxsackie B1-5 and coxsackie A7 viruses are associated with aseptic meningitis.

• In group B coxasckie virus disease, myocarditis and encephalitis may complicate meningitis, especially in young infants.

Aseptic meningitis is the most common finding.

Necrotic encephlaitis and encephalomyelitis associated with Coxsackie B virus have also been described. Sequaelae due to encephalitic involvement is most common in neonatal enteroviral meningitis. The changes may be limited predomionantly to the upper cervical cord.

Histologically, there is perivascular lymphocytic infiltration and inflammatory cells surrounding dead anterior horn cells (neuronophagia).